Glossary: Key Terms, Definitions & Acronyms

2D, 3D

Seismic exploration.

ADR of Gazprom Neft

American Depositary Receipt, issued on shares of Gazprom Neft. One ADR is equivalent to five common shares of Gazprom Neft.

APS

Associated petroleum gas – a form of natural gas.

Asia Pacific

The Asia-Pacific region. This includes the nation states of continental Asia, the Americas and the Pacific Rim.

Associate company, associate

A company in which Gazprom Neft Group holds at least 20% of voting shares (for a joint-stock company) or 20% of registered capital (for a limited liability company).

Baltic States

Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

BOE

Barrels of oil equivalent.

Catalytic cracking

Thermal catalytic refining of petroleum fractions to produce high-octane gasoline.

Central Asia

Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

CIS

Commonwealth of Independent States: all former Republics of the USSR, except Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

CNG

Compressed natural gas.

Coking

Refining of liquid and solid fuels by heating them in the absence of air. As the fuel decomposes, it produces solid coke and volatile particles.

DTS

Digital trading site.

DSEM

Differentially specific method of electric research.

EBITDA

Net profit before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization.

EU

European Union.

FSFM of Russia

Federal Service for Financial Markets.

FTS of Russia

Federal Tariff Service.

Gas processing plant

Gas and/or condensate refining plant.

Gazprom Neft Group, the Group, Gazprom Neft

All companies of the Group that comprises JSC Gazprom Neft (the parent company) and its subsidiaries.

Geological survey

Geological surveying for exploration purposes.

Hydrocarbon reserves in categories А+В+С1

Explored reserves according to the Russian classification. Represents the part of geological reserves that it would be economically efficient to extract at the date of the estimate, based on the market situation and rational use of modern equipment and technologies, and taking into account requirements for protection of mineral deposits and the natural environment. Explored reserves of gas in categories А+В+С1 are viewed as fully recoverable. For reserves of oil and gas condensate, an extraction coefficient based on geological and technical factors is used.

Hydrocarbon reserves in categories С1+С2

Category С1 represents reserves of oil and gas proven to exist in standalone wells, with favorable industrial and geological data for other wells. Category С2 represents reserves of oil and gas, the existence of which is suggested by geological and geophysical information within known gas-bearing areas. Reserves of category С2 are preliminary estimates that are used to plan detailed survey work at specific fields.

Hydrocracking

A cracking technique used in refining of crude oil fractions with a high boiling point, fuel oils or tar oil to make gasoline, diesel fuel and jet fuel, lubricant oils etc.

Hydrofracturing

Injection of water at high pressure to a bedrock formation in order to increase the size and extent of fractures.

Hydrotreatment

Purification of petroleum products to remove organic sulphuric, nitric, and oxygen-based compounds using molecules of hydrogen. Hydrotreatment raises the quality of petroleum products.

ISO 14001 Standard

International standard for environmental protection that sets requirements for environment management quality and is used to work out legally compliant environmental policies. The standard regulates environmental aspects of corporate activities that are controllable and require monitoring. This is a voluntary standard that does not supersede legislated requirements.

JV

Joint venture.

Khanty-Mansiysk AD (KhMAD)

Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District – Yugra.

LNG

Liquefied natural gas.

LPG

Liquid petroleum gas.

m3

Cubic meter of natural gas, measured at pressure of one atmosphere and temperature of 20°С.

MET

Mineral extraction tax.

MICEX

Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange.

Netback

Selling price less shipping and handling.

Non-CIS countries

Nation-states other than the CIS and the Baltic states.

OE

Oil equivalent.

PBV

Polymer-bituminous binding materials.

Possible reserves

Unproven reserves, which are less likely to be extracted than probable reserves, based on the analysis of engineering and geological date. There must be at least 10% probability that actual production will be equal to or more than the estimate of proven, probable, and potential reserves.

Primary refining

Crude oil distillation using atmosphericvacuum devices. Crude oil enters the distillation columns to undergo an atmospheric pressure distillation process, which splits it into a number of fractions: light and heavy gasoline fractions, kerosene fraction, diesel fraction, and fuel oil as a residue. The quality of the obtained fractions does not meet standards for marketable petroleum products, so the fractions must undergo further (secondary) refining.

PRMS and SEC international standards

International classification and estimate of hydrocarbon reserves by the standards of the Petroleum Resources Management System (PRMS) and US Securities and Exchange Committee (SEC).

Probable reserves

Unproven reserves, which are most likely to be extracted based on the analysis of engineering and geological data. There must be at least 50% probability that actual production will be equal to or greater than the estimate of proven and probable reserves.

Prospecting and exploration drilling

All prospecting and exploration drilling carried out during the reporting period, including total distance drilled in wells, which have been fully drilled or are in the process of being drilling, but will be completed in the next reporting period.

Proven reserves

Quantities of liquid, gaseous and solid hydrocarbons, which, according to engineering and geological information, are most likely to be produced by industrially available methods from known deposits starting from a specific date, under the existing economic conditions, with generally accepted operating techniques, and in compliance with applicable effective national regulations.

PSA

Production sharing agreement.

R&D

Research and development.

Refining depth

A refining indicator defined as the percentage ratio of obtained petroleum products, not including bulk fuel oil, to the original quantity of crude oil.

Refining output capacity

Maximum possible output by a plant unit in a specific period.

Replacement ratio

Gross increment of proven reserves, divided by total production in the period.

RTS

Russian Trading System (stock exchange).

Siberian light

Siberian light crude oil.

TCF

Ton of conventional fuel (carbon equivalent), equals 877 m3 of natural gas.

UGSS

Unified gas supply system. The Russian gas pipeline system, owned by JSC Gazprom.

USD

Dollars of the United States of America.

VAT

Value added tax.

VIOC

Vertically integrated oil company.

Yamal-Nenets AD (YaNAD)

Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District.

YANOS

Yaroslavl Refinary Slavneft-ANOS.